Created Thursday 26/07/2007
As I go along and remember those linux commands, I'll be adding them here as time goes by. They don't pop out of my tiny-winny braincells easily when I needed them most.
Here goes nothing.
1. How to know which ports are listening from your IP address?
# nmap -sT -O your-ip-address
2. How to grep an exact match?
# grep -w textfile.txt
3. How to reverse grep matches?
# grep -v textfile.txt
#
4. How to know which service name is what port?
Assuming port 443
# cat testfile.txt | grep -w 443
5. How to get the first 10 lines of a file?
# head -10 testfile.txt
6. How to get the last 10 lines of a file?
# tail -10 testfile.txt
7. How to get the first column of a file?
# awk '{print $1}' testfile.txt
8. How to get the first and second columd of a file?
# awk '{print $1 " " $2}' testfile.txt
9. How to get the first column of a file having consistent field separator pattern?
Field separator character patterns is /
# awk -F/ '{print $1}' testfile.txt
10. How to get the second column of a file having consistent field separator pattern?
# awk -F/ '{print $2}' testfile.txt
11. How to show contents of a text file?
# cat testfile.txt
12. How to show contents of text file pausing ever page or one screenful at a time?
# more testfile.txt
# less testfile.txt
13. What is the big difference between more and less?
less linux command has much more extensive enhancements compared with more.
You can also scroll up interactively via control keystrokes using less while the other one does not allow you to do that.
less does not need to read the entire file to buffer when showing a screenful content of a file and furthermorel less is faster than more on accessing big filesize.
14. How do you delete all numbers and digits from contents of a file?
# tr -d [:digit:] < testfile.txt
15. How do you sort contents of a text file in descending order?
# sort -r newfile.txt
16. How do you create a file using touch (without opening it interactively for writing)?
# touch newfile.txt
17. How do you change the date of all files in one folder?
# touch *
18. How do you create a file using tee?
# tee newfile.txt
and start typing, press
19. How do you query currently installed package offline from your system?
# rpm -qa sendmail
20. How do you query packages for something-like package ?
# rpm -qa | grep sendmail
# rpm -qa *sendmail*
21. What files comes with a something package?
# rpm -qa postfix*
# rpm -ql postfix-2.4.3-2.fc7
22. What is this something package?
# rpm -qi postfix-2.4.3-2.fc7
23. Where does rpm stores its rpm database?
# cd /var/lib/rpm
# ls -la __*
24. How to mount CD drive after inserting the disk?
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/CD
25. How to know if fedora detects your Nokia N70 via USB?
# lsusb
26. How to change system date ?
# date -s "December 25 2007 01:01:01"
27. How to know your free base memory and other memory / swap statistics ?
# free
28. How to show disk space usage of your filesystem in human readable form?
# df -ah
29. How to get the top 10 of your mbox mail users?
# cd /var/spool/mail
# ls -lS | head -10
30. How to find process ID of a running service like httpd?
# pidof httpd
31. How to locate a binary file, command source and its man pages?
# whereis ping
32. How to find the location of a executable file that could have been executed when entered from a prompt?
# which ping
33. How to download ISO or any file from web using command line?
# wget -c www.google.com/testfile.txt
# wget -c ftp://google.com/google.ISO
34. How to transfer file via ssh?
# scp -c testfile.txt user@remote-hostname
35. How to transfer files that has been only changed from one host to another without taking comparison?
# rsync -avz remoteserver:/home/remotefolder /home/localfolder
36. How to transfer your identity.pub into a remote machine's authorized_keys?
# ssh-copy-id -i identity-rsa-dsa.pub user@remote-hostname
37. How to know who you are in a shell?
# whoami
38. How to get more real-time view linux process stats and info?
# top
39. How to issue a continuous trace route to a host?
# mtr host-ip-addres
40. How to trace route without resolving IP address?
# mtr --no-dns hostname
41. What is another text-based alternative to chkconfig?
# ntsysv
42. How to list out current cron jobs?
# crontab -l
43. How to get the CPU time?
# clock
44. How to set date and time from NTP server?
# ntpdate 0.fedora.pool.ntp.org
45. How to show current system path?
# set | grep PATH
46. How to list out currently loaded kernel modules?
# lsmod
47. How to know the total days of your system without reboot?
# uptime
48. How to get a system bootstrapped from redhat network?
# /usr/bin/go-rhn.sh
49. How to see current running user jobs?
# jobs
50. How to edit text files from terminal?
# vi textfile.txt
# nano textfile.txt
# joe textfile.txt
# vim textfile.txt
# pico textfile.txt (if pico is installed - Pico is a trademark of the University of Washington)
# tee vv
Hope this helps a bit.
0 comments:
Post a Comment